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# Authors: 

#   Jason Gerard DeRose <jderose@redhat.com> 

#   Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com> 

# 

# Copyright (C) 2008  Red Hat 

# see file 'COPYING' for use and warranty information 

# 

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 

# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or 

# (at your option) any later version. 

# 

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 

# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the 

# GNU General Public License for more details. 

# 

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 

# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. 

 

""" 

RPC client and shared RPC client/server functionality. 

 

This module adds some additional functionality on top of the ``xmlrpclib`` 

module in the Python standard library.  For documentation on the 

``xmlrpclib`` module, see: 

 

    http://docs.python.org/library/xmlrpclib.html 

 

Also see the `ipaserver.rpcserver` module. 

""" 

 

from types import NoneType 

from decimal import Decimal 

import threading 

import sys 

import os 

import errno 

import locale 

from xmlrpclib import Binary, Fault, dumps, loads, ServerProxy, Transport, ProtocolError 

import kerberos 

from ipalib.backend import Connectible 

from ipalib.errors import public_errors, PublicError, UnknownError, NetworkError, KerberosError, XMLRPCMarshallError 

from ipalib import errors 

from ipalib.request import context, Connection 

from ipapython import ipautil, dnsclient 

import httplib 

import socket 

from ipapython.nsslib import NSSHTTPS, NSSConnection 

from nss.error import NSPRError 

from urllib2 import urlparse 

from ipalib.krb_utils import KRB5KDC_ERR_S_PRINCIPAL_UNKNOWN, KRB5KRB_AP_ERR_TKT_EXPIRED, \ 

                             KRB5_FCC_PERM, KRB5_FCC_NOFILE, KRB5_CC_FORMAT, KRB5_REALM_CANT_RESOLVE 

 

def xml_wrap(value): 

    """ 

    Wrap all ``str`` in ``xmlrpclib.Binary``. 

 

    Because ``xmlrpclib.dumps()`` will itself convert all ``unicode`` instances 

    into UTF-8 encoded ``str`` instances, we don't do it here. 

 

    So in total, when encoding data for an XML-RPC packet, the following 

    transformations occur: 

 

        * All ``str`` instances are treated as binary data and are wrapped in 

          an ``xmlrpclib.Binary()`` instance. 

 

        * Only ``unicode`` instances are treated as character data. They get 

          converted to UTF-8 encoded ``str`` instances (although as mentioned, 

          not by this function). 

 

    Also see `xml_unwrap()`. 

 

    :param value: The simple scalar or simple compound value to wrap. 

    """ 

    if type(value) in (list, tuple): 

        return tuple(xml_wrap(v) for v in value) 

    if type(value) is dict: 

        return dict( 

            (k, xml_wrap(v)) for (k, v) in value.iteritems() 

        ) 

    if type(value) is str: 

        return Binary(value) 

    if type(value) is Decimal: 

        # transfer Decimal as a string 

        return unicode(value) 

    assert type(value) in (unicode, int, float, bool, NoneType) 

    return value 

 

 

def xml_unwrap(value, encoding='UTF-8'): 

    """ 

    Unwrap all ``xmlrpc.Binary``, decode all ``str`` into ``unicode``. 

 

    When decoding data from an XML-RPC packet, the following transformations 

    occur: 

 

        * The binary payloads of all ``xmlrpclib.Binary`` instances are 

          returned as ``str`` instances. 

 

        * All ``str`` instances are treated as UTF-8 encoded Unicode strings. 

          They are decoded and the resulting ``unicode`` instance is returned. 

 

    Also see `xml_wrap()`. 

 

    :param value: The value to unwrap. 

    :param encoding: The Unicode encoding to use (defaults to ``'UTF-8'``). 

    """ 

    if type(value) in (list, tuple): 

        return tuple(xml_unwrap(v, encoding) for v in value) 

    if type(value) is dict: 

        return dict( 

            (k, xml_unwrap(v, encoding)) for (k, v) in value.iteritems() 

        ) 

    if type(value) is str: 

        return value.decode(encoding) 

    if isinstance(value, Binary): 

        assert type(value.data) is str 

        return value.data 

    assert type(value) in (unicode, int, float, bool, NoneType) 

    return value 

 

 

def xml_dumps(params, methodname=None, methodresponse=False, encoding='UTF-8'): 

    """ 

    Encode an XML-RPC data packet, transparently wraping ``params``. 

 

    This function will wrap ``params`` using `xml_wrap()` and will 

    then encode the XML-RPC data packet using ``xmlrpclib.dumps()`` (from the 

    Python standard library). 

 

    For documentation on the ``xmlrpclib.dumps()`` function, see: 

 

        http://docs.python.org/library/xmlrpclib.html#convenience-functions 

 

    Also see `xml_loads()`. 

 

    :param params: A ``tuple`` or an ``xmlrpclib.Fault`` instance. 

    :param methodname: The name of the method to call if this is a request. 

    :param methodresponse: Set this to ``True`` if this is a response. 

    :param encoding: The Unicode encoding to use (defaults to ``'UTF-8'``). 

    """ 

    if type(params) is tuple: 

        params = xml_wrap(params) 

    else: 

        assert isinstance(params, Fault) 

    return dumps(params, 

        methodname=methodname, 

        methodresponse=methodresponse, 

        encoding=encoding, 

        allow_none=True, 

    ) 

 

 

def decode_fault(e, encoding='UTF-8'): 

    assert isinstance(e, Fault) 

    if type(e.faultString) is str: 

        return Fault(e.faultCode, e.faultString.decode(encoding)) 

    return e 

 

 

def xml_loads(data, encoding='UTF-8'): 

    """ 

    Decode the XML-RPC packet in ``data``, transparently unwrapping its params. 

 

    This function will decode the XML-RPC packet in ``data`` using 

    ``xmlrpclib.loads()`` (from the Python standard library).  If ``data`` 

    contains a fault, ``xmlrpclib.loads()`` will itself raise an 

    ``xmlrpclib.Fault`` exception. 

 

    Assuming an exception is not raised, this function will then unwrap the 

    params in ``data`` using `xml_unwrap()`.  Finally, a 

    ``(params, methodname)`` tuple is returned containing the unwrapped params 

    and the name of the method being called.  If the packet contains no method 

    name, ``methodname`` will be ``None``. 

 

    For documentation on the ``xmlrpclib.loads()`` function, see: 

 

        http://docs.python.org/library/xmlrpclib.html#convenience-functions 

 

    Also see `xml_dumps()`. 

 

    :param data: The XML-RPC packet to decode. 

    """ 

    try: 

        (params, method) = loads(data) 

        return (xml_unwrap(params), method) 

    except Fault, e: 

        raise decode_fault(e) 

 

 

class LanguageAwareTransport(Transport): 

    """Transport sending Accept-Language header""" 

    def get_host_info(self, host): 

        (host, extra_headers, x509) = Transport.get_host_info(self, host) 

 

        try: 

            lang = locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '').split('.')[0].lower() 

        except locale.Error: 

            # fallback to default locale 

            lang = 'en_us' 

 

        if not isinstance(extra_headers, list): 

            extra_headers = [] 

 

        extra_headers.append( 

            ('Accept-Language', lang.replace('_', '-')) 

        ) 

        extra_headers.append( 

            ('Referer', 'https://%s/ipa/xml' % str(host)) 

        ) 

 

        return (host, extra_headers, x509) 

 

class SSLTransport(LanguageAwareTransport): 

    """Handles an HTTPS transaction to an XML-RPC server.""" 

 

    def __nss_initialized(self, dbdir): 

        """ 

        If there is another connections open it may have already 

        initialized NSS. This is likely to lead to an NSS shutdown 

        failure.  One way to mitigate this is to tell NSS to not 

        initialize if it has already been done in another open connection. 

 

        Returns True if another connection is using the same db. 

        """ 

        for value in context.__dict__.values(): 

            if not isinstance(value, Connection): 

                continue 

            if not isinstance(value.conn._ServerProxy__transport, SSLTransport): 

                continue 

            if hasattr(value.conn._ServerProxy__transport, 'dbdir') and \ 

              value.conn._ServerProxy__transport.dbdir == dbdir: 

                return True 

        return False 

 

    def make_connection(self, host): 

        host, self._extra_headers, x509 = self.get_host_info(host) 

        # Python 2.7 changed the internal class used in xmlrpclib from 

        # HTTP to HTTPConnection. We need to use the proper subclass 

 

        # If we an existing connection exists using the same NSS database 

        # there is no need to re-initialize. Pass thsi into the NSS 

        # connection creator. 

        dbdir = '/etc/pki/nssdb' 

        no_init = self.__nss_initialized(dbdir) 

        (major, minor, micro, releaselevel, serial) = sys.version_info 

        if major == 2 and minor < 7: 

            conn = NSSHTTPS(host, 443, dbdir=dbdir, no_init=no_init) 

        else: 

            conn = NSSConnection(host, 443, dbdir=dbdir, no_init=no_init) 

        self.dbdir=dbdir 

        conn.connect() 

        return conn 

 

class KerbTransport(SSLTransport): 

    """ 

    Handles Kerberos Negotiation authentication to an XML-RPC server. 

    """ 

    flags = kerberos.GSS_C_MUTUAL_FLAG | kerberos.GSS_C_SEQUENCE_FLAG 

 

    def _handle_exception(self, e, service=None): 

        (major, minor) = ipautil.get_gsserror(e) 

        if minor[1] == KRB5KDC_ERR_S_PRINCIPAL_UNKNOWN: 

            raise errors.ServiceError(service=service) 

        elif minor[1] == KRB5_FCC_NOFILE: 

            raise errors.NoCCacheError() 

        elif minor[1] == KRB5KRB_AP_ERR_TKT_EXPIRED: 

            raise errors.TicketExpired() 

        elif minor[1] == KRB5_FCC_PERM: 

            raise errors.BadCCachePerms() 

        elif minor[1] == KRB5_CC_FORMAT: 

            raise errors.BadCCacheFormat() 

        elif minor[1] == KRB5_REALM_CANT_RESOLVE: 

            raise errors.CannotResolveKDC() 

        else: 

            raise errors.KerberosError(major=major, minor=minor) 

 

    def get_host_info(self, host): 

        (host, extra_headers, x509) = SSLTransport.get_host_info(self, host) 

 

        # Set the remote host principal 

        service = "HTTP@" + host.split(':')[0] 

 

        try: 

            (rc, vc) = kerberos.authGSSClientInit(service, self.flags) 

        except kerberos.GSSError, e: 

            self._handle_exception(e) 

 

        try: 

            kerberos.authGSSClientStep(vc, "") 

        except kerberos.GSSError, e: 

            self._handle_exception(e, service=service) 

 

        if not isinstance(extra_headers, list): 

            extra_headers = [] 

 

        for (h, v) in extra_headers: 

            if h == 'Authorization': 

                extra_headers.remove((h, v)) 

                break 

 

        extra_headers.append( 

            ('Authorization', 'negotiate %s' % kerberos.authGSSClientResponse(vc)) 

        ) 

 

        return (host, extra_headers, x509) 

 

 

class DelegatedKerbTransport(KerbTransport): 

    """ 

    Handles Kerberos Negotiation authentication and TGT delegation to an 

    XML-RPC server. 

    """ 

    flags = kerberos.GSS_C_DELEG_FLAG |  kerberos.GSS_C_MUTUAL_FLAG | \ 

            kerberos.GSS_C_SEQUENCE_FLAG 

 

class xmlclient(Connectible): 

    """ 

    Forwarding backend plugin for XML-RPC client. 

 

    Also see the `ipaserver.rpcserver.xmlserver` plugin. 

    """ 

 

    def __init__(self): 

        super(xmlclient, self).__init__() 

        self.__errors = dict((e.errno, e) for e in public_errors) 

 

    def reconstruct_url(self): 

        """ 

        The URL directly isn't stored in the ServerProxy. We can't store 

        it in the connection object itself but we can reconstruct it 

        from the ServerProxy. 

        """ 

        if not hasattr(self.conn, '_ServerProxy__transport'): 

            return None 

        if type(self.conn._ServerProxy__transport) in (KerbTransport, DelegatedKerbTransport): 

            scheme = "https" 

        else: 

            scheme = "http" 

        server = '%s://%s%s' % (scheme, ipautil.format_netloc(self.conn._ServerProxy__host), self.conn._ServerProxy__handler) 

        return server 

 

    def get_url_list(self): 

        """ 

        Create a list of urls consisting of the available IPA servers. 

        """ 

        # the configured URL defines what we use for the discovered servers 

        (scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment) = urlparse.urlparse(self.env.xmlrpc_uri) 

        servers = [] 

        name = '_ldap._tcp.%s.' % self.env.domain 

        rs = dnsclient.query(name, dnsclient.DNS_C_IN, dnsclient.DNS_T_SRV) 

        for r in rs: 

            if r.dns_type == dnsclient.DNS_T_SRV: 

                rsrv = r.rdata.server.rstrip('.') 

                servers.append('https://%s%s' % (ipautil.format_netloc(rsrv), path)) 

        servers = list(set(servers)) 

        # the list/set conversion won't preserve order so stick in the 

        # local config file version here. 

        cfg_server = self.env.xmlrpc_uri 

        if cfg_server in servers: 

            # make sure the configured master server is there just once and 

            # it is the first one 

            servers.remove(cfg_server) 

            servers.insert(0, cfg_server) 

        else: 

            servers.insert(0, cfg_server) 

 

        return servers 

 

    def create_connection(self, ccache=None, verbose=False, fallback=True, 

                          delegate=False): 

        servers = self.get_url_list() 

        serverproxy = None 

        for server in servers: 

            kw = dict(allow_none=True, encoding='UTF-8') 

            kw['verbose'] = verbose 

            if server.startswith('https://'): 

                if delegate: 

                    kw['transport'] = DelegatedKerbTransport() 

                else: 

                    kw['transport'] = KerbTransport() 

            else: 

                kw['transport'] = LanguageAwareTransport() 

            self.log.info('trying %s' % server) 

            serverproxy = ServerProxy(server, **kw) 

            if len(servers) == 1 or not fallback: 

                # if we have only 1 server to try then let the main 

                # requester handle any errors 

                return serverproxy 

            try: 

                command = getattr(serverproxy, 'ping') 

                try: 

                    response = command() 

                except Fault, e: 

                    e = decode_fault(e) 

                    if e.faultCode in self.__errors: 

                        error = self.__errors[e.faultCode] 

                        raise error(message=e.faultString) 

                    else: 

                        raise UnknownError( 

                            code=e.faultCode, 

                            error=e.faultString, 

                            server=server, 

                        ) 

                # We don't care about the response, just that we got one 

                break 

            except KerberosError, krberr: 

                # kerberos error on one server is likely on all 

                raise errors.KerberosError(major=str(krberr), minor='') 

            except Exception, e: 

                if not fallback: 

                    raise e 

                serverproxy = None 

 

        if serverproxy is None: 

            raise NetworkError(uri='any of the configured servers', error=', '.join(servers)) 

        return serverproxy 

 

    def destroy_connection(self): 

        pass 

 

    def forward(self, name, *args, **kw): 

        """ 

        Forward call to command named ``name`` over XML-RPC. 

 

        This method will encode and forward an XML-RPC request, and will then 

        decode and return the corresponding XML-RPC response. 

 

        :param command: The name of the command being forwarded. 

        :param args: Positional arguments to pass to remote command. 

        :param kw: Keyword arguments to pass to remote command. 

        """ 

        if name not in self.Command: 

            raise ValueError( 

                '%s.forward(): %r not in api.Command' % (self.name, name) 

            ) 

        server = self.reconstruct_url() 

        self.info('Forwarding %r to server %r', name, server) 

        command = getattr(self.conn, name) 

        params = [args, kw] 

        try: 

            response = command(*xml_wrap(params)) 

            return xml_unwrap(response) 

        except Fault, e: 

            e = decode_fault(e) 

            self.debug('Caught fault %d from server %s: %s', e.faultCode, 

                server, e.faultString) 

            if e.faultCode in self.__errors: 

                error = self.__errors[e.faultCode] 

                raise error(message=e.faultString) 

            raise UnknownError( 

                code=e.faultCode, 

                error=e.faultString, 

                server=server, 

            ) 

        except NSPRError, e: 

            raise NetworkError(uri=server, error=str(e)) 

        except ProtocolError, e: 

            raise NetworkError(uri=server, error=e.errmsg) 

        except socket.error, e: 

            raise NetworkError(uri=server, error=str(e)) 

        except (OverflowError, TypeError), e: 

            raise XMLRPCMarshallError(error=str(e))